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An Investigation of Apple Chlorotic Leaf Spot (ACLSV) and Tomato Ring Spot (ToRSV) in Some Iranian Pear Gardens

Background and Aims: In spite of a long tradition of fruit-tree growing in all provinces of Iran, information on pear (Pyrus communis) tree viruses is scant. In order to identify of the nature of the virus like symptoms and decline in pear trees, we carried out a survey for the occurrence of four important viruses. Materials and Methods: Leaf samples of pear showing virus like symptoms wer...

Population-based spot maps: an epidemiologic technique.

Sri Lanka: an amphibian hot spot.

Dramatic population declines have affected frogs worldwide (1), and, although new species continue to be described (2), the discovery of large new species radiations is rare. Here, we report the discovery of an endemic radiation of 100 species of Old World tree frogs (Rhacophorinae) from Sri Lanka, an island from which only 18 rhacophorine species were known previously (3). An extensive survey,...

An agarose spot assay for chemotactic invasion.

The directed motility of cells toward the source of a soluble chemical (chemotaxis) plays a role in events ranging from immune function to cancer progression. Numerous chemotaxis assays are commonly employed, yet none provides an optimal combination of the relevant parameters. The ideal chemotaxis assay for use in the analysis of cells crawling across a planar surface should be cost-effective, ...

White spot syndrome virus: an overview on an emergent concern

Viruses are ubiquitous and extremely abundant in the marine environment. One of such marine viruses, the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), has emerged globally as one of the most prevalent, widespread and lethal for shrimp populations. However, at present there is no treatment available to interfere with the unrestrained occurrence and spread of the disease. The recent progress in molecular bio...